File Format

All submitted manuscripts should be in MS Word (.doc or .docx) format. Articles should be between 5500 and 10000 words in length. This includes all text, as well as acknowledgments, references, and appendices. The main file should not contain information about the author(s) or text elements that identify authorship.

Information about the authors should be attached in a separate file (Authors and Affiliations)

Authors and Affiliations

Please provide in this separate file the following data:

• the complete names of all authors (including middle names or initials as required)

• their institutional affiliation (e.g. university, institute)

• their position, academic degree, and title

• contact details, i.e. location (street, boulevard), city, state/province (if applicable), and country

• e-mail addresses for correspondence

Please, make sure all the contact details are accurate and up to date.

• One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author. It is the corresponding author's responsibility to ensure that the author list and the individual contributions to the study are accurate and complete.

Please, do not give Acknowledgements in this section.

Title of the article

Title of the article should contain a few (preferably up to five) words and describe the purpose of the work. Title section should not contain abbreviations, semicolon, short-form words. First capital letters are only acceptable at the beginning of the sentence and for geographic, scientific, and personal names.

The title is to be clear and concise.

Article Structure

Authors are asked to divide their articles into separate sections (1, 2, 3…) and subsections (1.1, 1.2, 1.3…).

Sections are not applied to the abstract, acknowledgments, references, and appendices.

Abstract

The abstract section should include a summary of the research purpose, design/methodology, major findings, and conclusions. An abstract should give a precise idea of what the article is about.

Authors should give a clear description of the work avoiding non-standard abbreviations or acronyms, citations, detailed descriptions, or information that is not discussed in the paper. Please do not include footnotes, references to tables, figures, etc. in this section.

Keywords

Keywords section should include words and short phrases related to the subject of the article. Authors are asked to choose search-engine-friendly words and cite them in alphabetical order.

JEL classification

Authors must submit JEL classification codes associated with the paper.

Introduction

Introduction should provide the objectives of the article and background to the paper. Authors should not give literature survey, acknowledgements or summarizing the results in this part.

Material and methods

The paper should contain a description of methods and materials used during the research in order to allow the work to be reproduced. Authors should indicate already published materials and methods; only relevant modifications should be described.

Theory/Calculation

In this section, authors should extend the background section and provide more work foundation. Calculation section contains practical developments from a theoretical basis.

Results & Discussion

In this section, part Authors should report their findings in a clear and succinct way.

Discussion section part should cover the meaning, importance, and relevance of the work results (without listing them one more time).

Results and Discussion section can be separated into two different sections.

Conclusions

Conclusions section should contain the main findings of the research and explain their importance.

Acknowledgments

All the acknowledgments should be listed in this section. Authors should avoid including them into Introduction or other sections. Acknowledgments section should list those who provided help in conducting the research.

References

References section should be the last part of the text main body. More information on References can be found below.

Appendices

Appendix should contain supplementary material relevant to the paper subject. Each appendix should have a title (e.g. A, B, C). Formulae and equations in appendices should be given separate numbering:

Table A.1;

Table A.2;

Table B.1, etc.

Body Text

• The text of the article should be comprehensive and grammatically correct. Non-native English-speaking authors are recommended to have their manuscripts checked by a native English speaker prior to submission.

• Margins should be as follows: Left 30 mm; Right 15 mm; Top & Bottom 20 mm;

• Use 1,5 spaces for all the text parts or details;

• Paragraphs should be separated with a blank line;

• The first lines of paragraphs should be indented using Word indentation nоt spaces or tabs.

• The text is to be typed in 12-point font Times New Roman;

• Underlining or highlighting is not allowed and bold/italic fonts are acceptable for emphasis;

• Short quotations should be embedded in the text and enclosed in double quotation marks;

• Single quotation mark is to be used only within another quotation (e.g. “Quote1 'Quote2'”)

Long quotations are to be cited on a separate line.

Footnotes

Footnotes are to be made in superscript Arabic numbers. They should be used sparingly and numbered consecutively throughout the article. Footnotes are to be placed below tables in superscript lowercase letters.

Please, avoid including footnotes in the References section.

Tables

Tables are to be embedded within the text in a portrait format. Landscape format tables should be reformatted or presented as additional files. Authors are asked to provide all additional files (tables and graphs) in Excel (or convertible) format. Ensure that there is a corresponding cell for each table item (do not create new paragraphs to break lines). The text and numbers within cells should be aligned using standard tools, not with spaces, tabs, or empty lines.

All columns and rows are to be divided by black lines. Do not use color, shading, commas in the tables and figures. Decimal values are to be indicated with full stops (e.g., 0.01).

Tales are to be numbered consecutively throughout the article with Arabic numerals (e.g., Table 1). Titles and legends in each table are required.

Formulae

Math formulae are to be presented in the text where possible. Formulae presented separately from the text line should be numbered consecutively. Symbols of formula are to be in italics, mathematical abbreviations are to be in straight letters. Fractions should be denoted by solidus (/).

Please do not use TeX or LaTeX editors for creating formulae.

Citations

Citations and References are to be matching.

Unpublished results and personal communications are recommended to be mentioned in the text, not in the reference list. If mentioned in the References section, unpublished results and personal communications are to follow the standard reference style and include “Unpublished manuscript”. Items in Reference list accepted for publication should have “in press” note.

The following format of citations is applicable:

• Single author: the author’s name (without initials) and the year of publication (separated by comma);

• Two authors: both authors’ names (separated by "&") and the year of publication;

• Three or more authors: first author’s name followed by "et al." and the year of publication.

Citations may be made directly (or parenthetically). Groups of references should be listed first alphabetically, then chronologically.

Example: (Atkinson, 2015; Grigoryev & Parshina, 2013; Shastitko et al., 2014)

• For more information follow the American Psychological Association (APA) website: http://linguistics.byu.edu/faculty/henrichsenl/APA/APA10.html

References

References should match the citations presented in the article.

The References section is to be structured in alphabetical order. Further, they can be sorted chronologically if required.

Authors can include links to internet resources in their article. The http:// portion of the web address must be included.

More than one reference from the same author(s) in the same year must be identified by the letters "a", "b", "c", etc., placed after the year of publication.

Example: (Williamson, 2002a, 2002b, 2005)

It is strongly recommended to support DOI (digital object identifier) number or a link to the online sources for articles.

References are to follow the American Psychological Association (APA) style. For more information, see here: http://linguistics.byu.edu/faculty/henrichsenl/APA/APA01.html

Example of References

1. Atkinson, A. B. (1975). The economics of inequality. London: Oxford University Press.

2. Atkinson, A. B. (2015). Inequality: What can be done? Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Atkinson, A. B., & Piketty, T. (Eds.) (2007). Top incomes over the twentieth century: A contrast between continental European and English-speaking countries. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

3. Barbara, A. (2012). Inequality in Europe. Australian Options, 71, 5–17.
   Barro, R. J. (2000). Inequality and growth in a panel of countries. Journal of Economic Growth, 5 (1), 5–32. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009850119329

4. Dzhomo, K., & Popov, V. (2016). Long-term trends in income distribution. Journal of the New Economic Association, 8 (3), 146–160 (in Russian).
   Grigoryev, L. (2016). Social inequality in the world — the interpretation of non-evident tendencies. Journal of the New Economic Association, 3 (31), 160–170 (in Russian).

5. Grigoryev, L., & Parshina, E. (2013). Economic dynamics of the countries of the world: Uneven growth. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta, Series 5: Economics, 4, 70–86 (in Russian).

6. Grigoryev, L., & Pavlyushina, V. (2017). Social inequality as a problem of Russia’s economic strategy. Mir Novoy Ekonomiki, 3, 58–71 (in Russian).

Reference to a journal publication:

1. Prokopieva, E. (2019). Factors for the effective functioning of the regional insurance markets in Russia. Voprosy Ekonomiki, 10, 146–155.

Reference to a book:

1. Van den Bergh, R. J. (2017). Comparative competition law and economics. London: Edward Elgar.

Reference to a chapter in an edited book:

1. Klug, H. (2012). Access to medicine and the transformation of the South Africa state. In G. C. Shaffer (Ed), Transnational legal ordering and state change (pp. 148–179). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

The reference list must not include: statutory regulations, statistical compendiums, archived materials, newspaper items, references to websites without quoting the particular material. References to those sources should be placed in footnotes. Forums and social networks are not accepted as sources.

Figures and Illustrations

All figures and illustrations should be numbered consecutively through the article using Arabic numerals. Authors are asked to present figures only in Excel (or convertible) format and illustrations only in vector formats. Giving a reproduction of figures or illustrations, please, obtain copyright permission.

Figures and illustrations should be named appropriately and numbered consequently. They should be presented in black and white, using only Times New Roman or Symbol fonts.

Acceptable Formats

Only the following formats are acceptable: XLS, XLSX (or convertible ODS, Numbers), EPS, WMF, EMF, PDF, CDR (vector drawings, embed all used fonts).

Not Acceptable Formats

Do not use the following formats: GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG, TIFF, JPEG, etc.

Note for Giving Illustrations

All the illustrations should have a title and a brief description explaining the figure meaning and abbreviations included in it.

Supplementary Files

Authors can add supplementary files to the online version of their article. This is to increase the understanding of the submission and its impact. Supplementary files are only to be published as linkable downloadable files in the online version (the printed version will not contain such files).

The maximum filesize for each supplementary file is 20 MB.

The supplementary files should contain the title of data and its description. They are to be referenced by filename within the body of the main text (e.g., 'See supplementary file 1: Table 1").

Acceptable Formats

Only the following (or convertible) formats are acceptable: PDF, PPT, SWF, MOV, MPG, XLS, CSV, ODS.

As for images, file names should be given in the standard file extensions. Please also make sure that each additional file is a single table, figure, video, or presentation (please do not upload linked worksheets or PDF files larger than one sheet).

Article Revision

Authors are to use Track Changes/Comments tools of Microsoft Office so that the Subject Editor can see the corrections and additions.

Authors must address all critiques of the referees in a response letter to the editor and submit it along with the revised manuscript through the online editorial system. Otherwise, the Editor has the right to reject the article without further evaluation. When submitting corrections to proofs (during the layout stage), authors must upload the latest proof (in PDF format) containing their revisions as track changes.